The Crosby-Schoyen Codex: One of the Earliest Extant Papyrus Codices, Probably from the Earliest Monastery Library. 160 AD.
Image Source: www.schoyencollection.com
The Crosby-Schøyen , a papyrus codex in Sahidic (a dialect of Coptic) from Alexandria, Egypt. Open Edition Journals explains the history of Coptic was the language in use when Gnostics and Christians were in fierce battle. Polycarp records the battle of Gnostics versus Christian going back to the time of John the Disciple. Late first to second century, 160 AD, according to the year of the Sermon author. The greater deficiencies in the earlier translations into Arabic are primarily the Arabic translation, for instance in liturgical texts, aimed at being "very literal", placed as it was beside the Coptic. It is essential to remember there was, at least initially, a lack of education in Arabic, the Christians in Egypt, as in Palestine and Syria, soon by necessity became an important part of the administration conducted in Arabic and became famous as scribes.
The Crosby-Schoyen Codex Consists:
52 leaves, of which 16 are missing, 15x15 cm, written in 2 columns, (10 x12 cm), 11-18 lines in a bold large Coptic uncial, with 3 decorated cartouches.
Its fifth and final text is written in a single column, 12 lines. Dating from about the second century, it is one of the earliest extant codices, showing the adoption of the codex form of the book by early Christians.
In 2013, it was the earliest codex in private hands.
The five texts in the Crosby-Schøyen Codex are:
Bible: Jonah
Bible: 2 Maccabees 5:27 - 7:41
Bible: 1 Peter
Melito of Sardis, b 100 AD, d 180 AD wrote
Peri Pascha AD Written 160 AD. Recorded by Jerome and Tertullian through Jerome's quotes.
Homily, A Sermon for Easter Morning
The codex represents the earliest known complete text of the two books of the Bible, Jonah and 1 Peter. Of 1 Peter there is also a Greek papyrus slightly later, circa 300, Papyrus 72 from the same hoard, now in the Vatican Library. The Schøyen 1 Peter is copied from a Greek exemplar written before 2 Peter existed, that is circa 60-130 AD. It is the single most important manuscript of 1 Peter. Texts 2 and 4 are also the earliest witnesses. Text 5 is unique, and probably the oldest extant Christian liturgical manuscript.
Additional early papyrus for 1 Peter, possible 200 AD:
The Disciples and people of the Bible recognized in Africa are Niger, Simon Niger of Acts 13. Thought to be Simon of Cyrene, carrying the Cross for Jesus and his son, Rufus, Romans 16. In Church History, Saint Matthew died in Ethiopia. His remains are found in Salerno, Italy. In 2014, Pope Francis ordered an autopsy of the remains and declared them to be genuine.
St. Mark is in Church History, teaching in Alexandria. Barnabas and his relatives, Aristopolis and Mary, were known to go to Africa.
So what brought us to the History of Biblical Papyrus today?
To remember our history is important. To know, seeing not the implications in the trend of current mankind, today's verbiage would be politically correct thought, but to know the glory of being God's people while acknowledging inherent and always inclusive human flaws, sins and weakness.
The Gospel is The Word of God, Scripture, God's Word is manifest. We have a choice to find faith within and not a dislike by our own thoughts. This will define our lives and, ultimately, the soul of life within us and leads our family forward.
The struggle is in and for each life. The Constitution seeking Human Rights, written by mankind. Has flaws. But the goal is very High Indeed.
Not to fall into quarrels, instead seeking the Higher Good.
1 Peter 1
Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ,
To those who are elect exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:
May grace and peace be multiplied to you.
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ!
According to His great mercy, He has caused us to be born again
to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead.
To an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading,
kept in Heaven for you, who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time. In this you rejoice, though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials, so that the tested genuineness of your faith—more precious than gold that perishes though it is tested by fire—may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.
Though you have not seen Him, you love Him. Though you do not now see Him, you believe in Him and rejoice with joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory, obtaining the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls.
Concerning this Salvation
The prophets who prophesied about the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired carefully, inquiring what person or time The Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories. It was revealed to them that they were serving not themselves but you, in the things that have now been announced to you through those who preached the good news to you by The Holy Spirit sent from Heaven
Things into which angels long to look.
Therefore, preparing your minds for action, and being sober-minded, set your hope fully on the grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ. As obedient children, do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance, but as He who called you is Holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am Holy.” And if you call on Him as Father who judges impartially according to each one's deeds, conduct yourselves with fear throughout the time of your exile, knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot. He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but was made manifest in the last times for the sake of you who through Him are believers in God, who raised Him from the dead and gave Him Glory, so that your faith and hope are in God.
Having purified your souls by your obedience to the truth
for a sincere brotherly love, love one another earnestly from a pure heart, since you have been born again, not of perishable seed but of imperishable, through the Living and Abiding Word of God; for
“All flesh is like grass
and all its glory like the flower of grass.
The grass withers,
and the flower falls,
but the word of the Lord remains forever.”
And this word is The Good News that was preached to you.
The Good News
Today's Chapter tells us of the Blessing of The Holy Spirit
for being truthful, preparing for action. Loving one another from a pure heart.
Ransomed from the perils of our ancestry, without Jesus Christ. Heaven, available on earth in His Good Will, imperishable, undefiled, and unfading,
kept in Heaven for you, who by God's power are being guarded through faith for Salvation.
The Scriptures tell us we see glimpses of Heaven. And find angels long to see God's salvation. We are here today, looking for a glimpse of Salvation and, like God's own angels, want to see this salvation, today. And as the Scriptures tell us, what we do with The Scriptures leads us into Jesus Christ and His Kingdom, His Power and His Glory or away from God. Daily we choose His Love, and we are led, not into quarrels, but Higher for His Glory we long to see and live.
John 13:1
Now before the Feast of the Passover,
when Jesus knew that His hour had come to depart out of this world
to the Father,
having loved His own who were in the world,
He loved them to the end.
Abba, Father,
Dwell in us, please, Father.
Dwell in those we Love.
Help us to seek You first.
In Jesus Christ, we will finish well.
To see
to bring
to be
more daily
Thy Kingdom come
Thy will be done
on earth
as in Heaven
In Jesus Christ is
Our Love, Joy and Hope.
Bless those working for
Post Pandemic Healing
and
Care
with Faith, Hope and
LOVE.
Thank You for Jesus.
To You, our Father, be the Glory
Our God is an Awesome God!
Amen and Alleluia
♔ Lord Jesus Saves †
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